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Transient evidence is term used in criminal forensics to indicate elements of physical evidence that might be expected to degrade or disappear within a particular time frame.〔"The FBI Process" Exploration Evidence and Investigation, Part II. http://www.teachingtools.com/solutions/Episode5FBI.htm〕 As such, it is one of the five primary categories of physical evidence codified in ''Legal Medicine'' by the American College of Legal Medicine, along with conditional evidence, pattern evidence, transfer evidence and associative evidence.〔''Legal Medicine'', 7th Edition, page 636.〕 While, in a sense, many types of evidence degrade with the passage of time (such as witness recollections, a victim's clothing, etc.), the term is specific to factors with an inherently limited period of existence. A bloodstain itself is not transient evidence, despite its mutable nature. The ''condition'' and ''appearance'' of that bloodstain at a given point of time would, however, be transient evidence. ==Transient medical evidence== Transient evidence is frequently relied upon in the determination of time of death. The condition of rigor mortis begins to manifest after about 3 hours after death, and lasts about 72 hours. It then disappears as proteolytic enzymes from lysosomes break down the stiffness of the corpse. The reduction in internal temperature after death, a process known as algor mortis, can also be used to estimate demise. Another noteworthy transient condition is livor mortis, the purplish pooling of blood within the body after the heart has stopped beating. Emergency responders are instructed to recognize it as a sign that CPR should not be attempted. Investigators may use it to determine if a body has been moved or repositioned after death. Livor mortis starts 20 minutes to 3 hours after death and is congealed in the capillaries in 4 to 5 hours. Maximum lividity occurs within 6–12 hours. By far, the most commonly documented transient medical evidence is blood alcohol level. Since the development of accurate portable breathalyzer technology, the determination of illegal intoxication has become a matter of field forensics. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Transient evidence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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